What the official manufacturer says
Concentration of JinChan in solution
Content of the reagent in the liquid phase. The manufacturer uses the concentration of the solution when describing the control and calculating the additional dose.
Specific consumption JinChan
The actual mass of reagent consumed relative to the amount of ore processed, e.g. kg/t.
The working concentration of the solution and the consumption of the reagent per ton of ore are not the same thing.
Concentration cannot be converted into kg/t of ore without data on the liquid phase, its volume, process conditions and actual reagent consumption.
In the Dosage Calculation section, the manufacturer indicates that when initially selecting a consumption, the previously used NaCN consumption can be taken into account, but recommends conducting a beneficiation test and determining the optimal conditions by testing.
The JinChan operating concentration guideline, which the official instructions provide for common oxidized gold ore with Au of the order of 1–2 g/t.
This is a reference range from the manufacturer's instructions, and not a universal dosage for any ore and not a universal consumption kg/t.The manufacturer directly requires that the conditions be adjusted depending on the characteristics of the ore, including gold content and components affecting the process.
Why can't you just write "1 kg per ton"
The amount of reagent that had to be added during the entire leaching cycle depends not only on the initially specified concentration. It is necessary to take into account the actually maintained concentration in the liquid phase and its change during the process.
The official methodology involves measuring the current concentration of JinChan and making adjustments relative to the established target value.
Consumption is the result of a particular process, and not just the initial figure when loading the reagent.
Set
- initial concentration;
- pH;
- test parameters.
Measured
- actual concentration;
- Au in solution;
- corrective entries.
Optimization is based on the measured results of a specific ore, rather than a universal consumption rate.
What does a comparative study of two ores show?
The published example is not a standard
Yılmaz and Sayın tested two ores of different composition and mineralogical characteristics. For the selected conditions of 40% solid and 300 mg/l JinChan the following results were published:
| Ore | JinChan concentration | Actual consumption | Au recovery |
|---|---|---|---|
| Çukuralan | 300 mg/l | ≈0,72 kg/t | 90,89% |
| Kaymaz | 300 mg/l | 1,27 kg/t | 81,55% |
Results from the specific laboratory study by Yılmaz & Sayın; they are not recommended JinChan parameters for other ores.
Even at the same target concentration, two different ores showed different actual reagent consumption and different recovery results.
Why does the same JinChan conditions give different results on different ores?Why an increase in concentration does not guarantee an increase in recovery
The Çukuralan study tested concentrations of 300, 400 and 500 mg/L in one of the conditions studied. The authors note that an increase in concentration in the studied range did not lead to a corresponding change in extraction by the eighth hour of the experiment.
In this particular experiment, increasing the concentration of JinChan did not provide an additional final effect. This does not mean that concentration never affects other ores.
Adding more reagent should be an experimental variable and not an automatic response to an unsatisfactory result.
Why can't published values be copied to another ore?
In independent work by Guo et al., for a specific Carlin-type concentrate, the researchers obtained their optimal conditions at a JinChan concentration of 1,0 g/l.
1,0 g/L is a parameter of a specific published experiment and is not an instruction or recommended concentration of JinChan for use on other ores.
The meaning shows why the published conditions must be read in conjunction with the material examined and the experimental conditions, and not transferred to another object.
What needs to be determined by testing
Source material
- ore representativeness;
- initial gold content;
- characteristics of the prepared material.
Mode
- set JinChan concentration;
- concentration actually measured;
- pH;
- duration of experience;
- material preparation parameters.
Results
- Au in solution;
- Au in solid residue;
- actual amount of JinChan added;
- final specific consumption;
- extraction;
- kinetics, if studied.
How to compare multiple dosages
To determine the effect of concentration, it is necessary to carry out comparable tests on identically prepared material. The remaining essential conditions are recorded as comparable as the research program allows.
Mode A
lower concentration
Mode B
base concentration
Mode C
increased concentration
- kinetics;
- Au in solution;
- Au in the remainder;
- actual consumption;
- extraction.
Specific concentration levels are determined by the test program.
Target concentration and actual concentration
At the beginning of the experiment, you can set a certain amount of the reagent, but for a correct assessment of the process it is important to know not only how much JinChan was added, but also what concentration was actually maintained in the solution.
The official instructions of Guangxi Senhe contain a separate titrimetric method for determining the concentration of JinChan.
The manufacturer provides analytical monitoring of JinChan concentration; Therefore, industrial control should not be based only on the calculated mass of the applied reagent.Official instructions of Guangxi Senhe
Corrective addition of reagent
The official instructions describe the principle of calculating the additional dose through the difference between the target and measured concentration, taking into account the volume of the solution.
After determining the target conditions, the corrective application is calculated taking into account the actually measured concentration and amount of solution in the system.
The manufacturer's numerical example is not reproduced here: the English version of the page contains an incorrectly translated unit of volume. Therefore, the article retains only the confirmed principle without its own formula and unconfirmed units.
Is it possible to focus on NaCN consumption?
The manufacturer writes that JinChan consumption can refer to the dosage of sodium cyanide, after which it immediately recommends a beneficiation test.
The historical NaCN conditions can be used as an input when planning a test, but official instructions do not provide a basis for considering the mass consumptions of the two reagents to be universally equal for any ore.
The universal conversion factor for NaCN in JinChan does not apply.
Read more about the correct comparison of JinChan and NaCNHow to calculate actual consumption after the test
For a closed laboratory test, the total actually applied mass of JinChan and the mass of the studied material are recorded. For processes with solution circulation, it is additionally necessary to take into account the return of the solution and the residual concentration of the reagent.
If additional applications were made during the test, a simple "initial load/ton" figure does not reflect the entire cycle.
The actual consumption should reflect the entire recorded reagent consumption for the cycle in question.
What consumption should be indicated to the client before testing?
Before testing a specific ore, only reference data from the manufacturer and the results of published studies can be provided, with a mandatory indication of their conditions. The calculation of working consumption for a specific object must be confirmed by testwork.
CONDITION SELECTION
Determine Consumption for Your Ore
Working JinChan consumption is determined through testwork on the specific material. Discuss the source data and test programme for your ore.
Sources and methodological basis
- Official manufacturer JinChanGuangxi Senhe High Technology Co., Ltd. JIN CHAN Metallic Ore Dressing Agent — Instructions for useThe Dosage Calculation section and information on analytical concentration control were used.
- Comparative study of two oresYılmaz H., Sayın Z.E. Effect of Sodium Cyanide and Jin Chan Chemicals on Gold Gain from Ore. Journal of Polytechnic, 2024, 27(4), 1387–1397.The parameters and results refer only to the studied ores Çukuralan and Kaymaz.
- Independent example of Carlin-type concentrateGuo X.-Y., Liu Z.-W., Tian Q.-H., Li D., Zhang L. Gold extraction from Carlin-type concentrate by a novel environmentally friendly gold lixiviant. Hydrometallurgy, 211 (2022), 105884.The 1,0 g/L value is given only as a parameter for a specific published experiment and is not a recommendation.